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Cita de: el malo en Septiembre 23, 2020, 13:12:29 pmCita de: Saturio en Septiembre 23, 2020, 10:42:15 amCita de: Mad Men en Septiembre 23, 2020, 08:32:45 amUn camino interesante que por supuesto, nuestra poderosa industria del automóbil no permitirá, coches eléctricos low cost. En China están triunfando.Aquí no quieren que nadie les haga sombra por eso creo que limitarán su expansión en Europa.China alcanza los 100.000 coches eléctricos vendidos en agosto, y dispara la venta de modelos low cost3752 eurosTienes versiones con más autonomía por 8188 euros.Tanta pasta y tanta economía verde, para que al final vengan los chinos a decirnos como va a ser el futuro y además por cuatro perras.https://forococheselectricos.com/2020/09/china-alcanza-los-100-000-coches-electricos-vendidos-en-agosto-y-dispara-la-venta-de-modelos-low-cost.htmlNo te equivoques. Nadie compraría eso. Todavía seguimos con la visión del coche que teníamos en 1980.Eso mismo decíamos los aficionados al mundo del motor de los coreanos hace 15 años y ya dan sopas con hondas en fiabilidad a muchos europeos. En China se produce con una calidad altísima (cuando se paga). Al final el único componente crítico del coche eléctrico es la batería (los motores son simples como el asa de un cubo y el resto del coche ya saben como fabricarlo). En el momento en que copien consigan la tecnología de las baterías, tenemos el coche chino servido.Por cierto Londres está lleno de taxis BYDSí, pero los coreanos cambiaron el producto.Lo que yo planteo es que los carricoches no tienen salida en Europa (menos en USA, donde el vehículo más vendido es una jodida camioneta, bien grande, ande o no ande).No digo que los chinos no se puedan comer el mercado con patatas. Digo que no lo harán con carricoches.Al menos de momento, claro, dándole cierta razón a Visi con el tema del cambio de visión del coche por parte de los jóvenes y porque de una forma u otra el coche "de antes" es cada vez más inviable por diversas razones.Por otro lado, las baterías de Elon estarán en 2 años (tiempo Elon). Lo que significa que estarán en un momento indeterminado entre dentro de cuatro años y nunca.
Cita de: Saturio en Septiembre 23, 2020, 10:42:15 amCita de: Mad Men en Septiembre 23, 2020, 08:32:45 amUn camino interesante que por supuesto, nuestra poderosa industria del automóbil no permitirá, coches eléctricos low cost. En China están triunfando.Aquí no quieren que nadie les haga sombra por eso creo que limitarán su expansión en Europa.China alcanza los 100.000 coches eléctricos vendidos en agosto, y dispara la venta de modelos low cost3752 eurosTienes versiones con más autonomía por 8188 euros.Tanta pasta y tanta economía verde, para que al final vengan los chinos a decirnos como va a ser el futuro y además por cuatro perras.https://forococheselectricos.com/2020/09/china-alcanza-los-100-000-coches-electricos-vendidos-en-agosto-y-dispara-la-venta-de-modelos-low-cost.htmlNo te equivoques. Nadie compraría eso. Todavía seguimos con la visión del coche que teníamos en 1980.Eso mismo decíamos los aficionados al mundo del motor de los coreanos hace 15 años y ya dan sopas con hondas en fiabilidad a muchos europeos. En China se produce con una calidad altísima (cuando se paga). Al final el único componente crítico del coche eléctrico es la batería (los motores son simples como el asa de un cubo y el resto del coche ya saben como fabricarlo). En el momento en que copien consigan la tecnología de las baterías, tenemos el coche chino servido.Por cierto Londres está lleno de taxis BYD
Cita de: Mad Men en Septiembre 23, 2020, 08:32:45 amUn camino interesante que por supuesto, nuestra poderosa industria del automóbil no permitirá, coches eléctricos low cost. En China están triunfando.Aquí no quieren que nadie les haga sombra por eso creo que limitarán su expansión en Europa.China alcanza los 100.000 coches eléctricos vendidos en agosto, y dispara la venta de modelos low cost3752 eurosTienes versiones con más autonomía por 8188 euros.Tanta pasta y tanta economía verde, para que al final vengan los chinos a decirnos como va a ser el futuro y además por cuatro perras.https://forococheselectricos.com/2020/09/china-alcanza-los-100-000-coches-electricos-vendidos-en-agosto-y-dispara-la-venta-de-modelos-low-cost.htmlNo te equivoques. Nadie compraría eso. Todavía seguimos con la visión del coche que teníamos en 1980.
Un camino interesante que por supuesto, nuestra poderosa industria del automóbil no permitirá, coches eléctricos low cost. En China están triunfando.Aquí no quieren que nadie les haga sombra por eso creo que limitarán su expansión en Europa.China alcanza los 100.000 coches eléctricos vendidos en agosto, y dispara la venta de modelos low cost3752 eurosTienes versiones con más autonomía por 8188 euros.Tanta pasta y tanta economía verde, para que al final vengan los chinos a decirnos como va a ser el futuro y además por cuatro perras.https://forococheselectricos.com/2020/09/china-alcanza-los-100-000-coches-electricos-vendidos-en-agosto-y-dispara-la-venta-de-modelos-low-cost.html
Hablando de baterías...Neus Sabaté: «Hemos hecho una batería de papel que se usa, se tira y no contamina» La investigadora ha ganado el Premio de Física por un ingenio diseñado para kits de diagnóstico que incluso podrían detectar el coronavirus-¿Cómo funciona?-Se trata de una tira de papel con dos electrodos de materiales no tóxicos que reaccionan con un fluido humano, ya sea orina, sangre o saliva. Lo hemos patentado. Y hemos cambiado el paradigma de las baterías como se habían entendido hasta ahora, cajitas cerradas que uno mete en un móvil para que le duren cinco años cargándose y descargándose cada día. Nosotros las hemos deconstruido.https://www.abc.es/deportes/tenis/abci-azarenka-estamos-8-grados-esto-ridiculo-202009271621_noticia.html
Cita de: sudden and sharp en Septiembre 27, 2020, 17:38:33 pmHablando de baterías...Neus Sabaté: «Hemos hecho una batería de papel que se usa, se tira y no contamina» La investigadora ha ganado el Premio de Física por un ingenio diseñado para kits de diagnóstico que incluso podrían detectar el coronavirus-¿Cómo funciona?-Se trata de una tira de papel con dos electrodos de materiales no tóxicos que reaccionan con un fluido humano, ya sea orina, sangre o saliva. Lo hemos patentado. Y hemos cambiado el paradigma de las baterías como se habían entendido hasta ahora, cajitas cerradas que uno mete en un móvil para que le duren cinco años cargándose y descargándose cada día. Nosotros las hemos deconstruido.https://www.abc.es/deportes/tenis/abci-azarenka-estamos-8-grados-esto-ridiculo-202009271621_noticia.htmlSudden la noticia no cuadra con el comentario
Tesla cuts starting price for China-made Model 3 cars by 8%U.S. electric car maker Tesla cut the starting price of its Chinese-made Model 3 sedans on Thursday by about 8% to 249,900 yuan ($36,805), once Chinese subsidies for electric vehicles are taken into account, according to its China website.Previously, the starting price for Model 3 sedans made in Tesla’s Shanghai factory with a standard driving range was 271,550 yuan, after state purchase subsidies.Sources told Reuters that the standard range Model 3 sedans would now come with lithium iron phosphate (LFP) batteries which are cheaper than the nickel-cobalt-manganese (NMC) cells it used previously.Tesla did not disclose what batteries the cheaper version uses.[...]Tesla started to deliver cars from the Shanghai factory in December, helping it save on shipping costs and tariffs for imported models.[...]https://www.reuters.com/article/us-tesla-china/tesla-cuts-starting-price-for-china-made-model-3-vehicles-by-8-idUSKBN26M4WM?il=0
CATL anuncia el desarrollo de nuevas baterías sin níquel ni cobalto[...]Aunque ya existen en el mercado baterías que no emplean níquel ni cobalto, las baterías de litio-ferrofosfato o LFP, este nuevo desarrollo de CATL promete ser un tipo de baterías totalmente nuevo, con una química muy distinta a las baterías LFP, de las que CATL precisamente surte a Tesla para los Model 3 fabricados en Shanghái.Aunque aún es muy pronto para aventurarse a asegurar nada sobre esta nueva tecnología, lo cierto es que poder prescindir del níquel y del cobalto totalmente puede abaratar significativamente los costes con respecto a las baterías convencionales. Y como es evidente, cualquier reducción en el precio de las baterías va a incidir positivamente en el precio final de los vehículos que las montan, pues las baterías son sin duda alguna el elemento más caro de cualquier coche eléctrico.[...]https://www.motor.es/noticias/catl-baterias-cobalto-niquel-202070152.html
EVOLUCIÓN DE BATERÍAS Y PRECIOS BAJANDOCitarTesla cuts starting price for China-made Model 3 cars by 8%U.S. electric car maker Tesla cut the starting price of its Chinese-made Model 3 sedans on Thursday by about 8% to 249,900 yuan ($36,805), once Chinese subsidies for electric vehicles are taken into account, according to its China website.Previously, the starting price for Model 3 sedans made in Tesla’s Shanghai factory with a standard driving range was 271,550 yuan, after state purchase subsidies.Sources told Reuters that the standard range Model 3 sedans would now come with lithium iron phosphate (LFP) batteries which are cheaper than the nickel-cobalt-manganese (NMC) cells it used previously.Tesla did not disclose what batteries the cheaper version uses.[...]Tesla started to deliver cars from the Shanghai factory in December, helping it save on shipping costs and tariffs for imported models.[...]https://www.reuters.com/article/us-tesla-china/tesla-cuts-starting-price-for-china-made-model-3-vehicles-by-8-idUSKBN26M4WM?il=0Diversificación de proveedores de baterías para TESLA:- Panasonic (Japón) socio en Gigafábrica de Nevada, 3º mundial, antes primero.- LG Chem (Corea Sur) actual mayor fabricante mundial,- CATL (China) 2ª mayor fabricante mundial. https://forococheselectricos.com/2020/09/lg-chem-mayor-fabricante-baterias.htmlCitarCATL anuncia el desarrollo de nuevas baterías sin níquel ni cobalto[...]Aunque ya existen en el mercado baterías que no emplean níquel ni cobalto, las baterías de litio-ferrofosfato o LFP, este nuevo desarrollo de CATL promete ser un tipo de baterías totalmente nuevo, con una química muy distinta a las baterías LFP, de las que CATL precisamente surte a Tesla para los Model 3 fabricados en Shanghái.Aunque aún es muy pronto para aventurarse a asegurar nada sobre esta nueva tecnología, lo cierto es que poder prescindir del níquel y del cobalto totalmente puede abaratar significativamente los costes con respecto a las baterías convencionales. Y como es evidente, cualquier reducción en el precio de las baterías va a incidir positivamente en el precio final de los vehículos que las montan, pues las baterías son sin duda alguna el elemento más caro de cualquier coche eléctrico.[...]https://www.motor.es/noticias/catl-baterias-cobalto-niquel-202070152.htmlSaludos.
Me alegro de que Tesla diversifique sus proveedores.Pero por otro lado...¿Dónde está entonces la supuesta ventaja tecnológica de Tesla?. Las baterías no son suyas y puede utilizar las de tres proveedores, lo que significa que tampoco su proveedor de cabecera tiene una tecnología superior.
Tesla delivers 139,300 vehicles in Q3, beating expectationsKirsten Korosec@kirstenkorosec / 4:48 pm CEST · October 2, 2020Image Credits: TeslaTesla delivered 139,300 vehicles in the third quarter, slightly above Wall Street’s expectations and a notable improvement from last quarter, as well as the same period a year ago.Tesla’s numbers in the third quarter marked a 43% improvement from the same period last year, when the company reported it had delivered 97,000 electric vehicles. The third-quarter figures were 53% higher than last quarter when Tesla was still feeling the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic, which included suspending production for weeks at its main U.S. factory.A consensus of analysts from FactSet had expected Tesla to report it had delivered 137,000 vehicles.Despite the rosy numbers, Tesla shares were down 2.6% Friday morning, a fall likely tied to drops across all of the exchanges caused by the announcement that President Donald Trump had tested positive for COVID-19.The vast majority of deliveries — some 128,044 — were Model 3 and Model Y vehicles. The remaining 16,992 were its more expensive Model S and Model X vehicles. Tesla doesn’t provide breakdowns of each model separately, nor does it give information about regional deliveries.Image Credits: Screenshot/TeslaTesla produced 145,036 electric vehicles in the third quarter, about a 75% improvement from the last quarter, as well as the same period last year. In both Q2 and the third quarter in 2019, Tesla produced about 96,000 vehicles.
Con una química de baterías en plena evolución parece prudente seguir la I+D propia en paralelo con suministros de grandes especialistas.Saludos.
Cita de: JENOFONTE10 en Octubre 03, 2020, 11:34:51 amCon una química de baterías en plena evolución parece prudente seguir la I+D propia en paralelo con suministros de grandes especialistas.Saludos.No sé.La I+D propia tendrá su coste y quién sabe si resultados. Y mientras tanto hay que seguir fabricando coches, abriendo plantas, desarrollando la red de cargadores y vender.Cuando Elon habla yo no sé cómo de en serio lo hace o con qué objetivo lo hace. El día de la batería me pareció una gran mierda. Algo parecido a la presentación de las tesla tejas. Ya hay una industria madura de algo (paneles solares) y tu vienes con tus inventicos.Como cuando presentó la idea de los robotaxis...Creo que esas historias van para su público objetivo. El objetivo es seguir vendiendo la imagen de algo cool por la tecnología que contiene o que contendrá. Pero en algún momento los EV tendrán que salir de ese nicho y venderle a la gente corriente.---------El otro día vi mi primer ZOE.Están saliendo las primeras impresiones del ID3 en youtube. Parece que la gente coincide en que es un coche majo, espacioso y cómodo para todos los ocupantes.Algo más barato que el M3 es más silencioso en cabina y más cómodo. Por otro lado no tiene ni de lejos la aceleración de un M3 (que no es por joder pero yo la veo un poco exagerada y si la bajasen un poquillo no pasaría nada) y no tiene ni la décima parte de cosas para epatar a los vecinos (como el summon y esas cosas). En el interior se han esmerado poco, materiales de baratillo y en la versión barata todo es manual (asientos y esas cosas). Todo el mundo dice que han hecho un VW pero eléctrico (lo que posiblemente sea lo que el 90% del público que habitualmente compra VW quiere). También se alaba su eficiencia.La pega, para mi, es que el precio es elevadísimo. Estamos todavía unos 8.000 euros por encima del precio que haría que los eléctricos fuesen una auténtica opción para todos aquellos que no hacen toneladas de kilómetros.
World's Fastest Electrodes' Triple the Density of Lithium BatteriesPosted by BeauHD on Wednesday October 07, 2020 @10:02PM from the new-and-improved dept.French company Nawa technologies says it's already in production on a new electrode design that can radically boost the performance of existing and future battery chemistries, delivering up to 3x the energy density, 10x the power, vastly faster charging and battery lifespans up to five times as long. NewAtlas reports:CitarNawa is already known for its work in the ultracapacitor market, and the company has announced that the same high-tech electrodes it uses on those ultracapacitors can be adapted for current-gen lithium-ion batteries, among others, to realize some tremendous, game-changing benefits. It all comes down to how the active material is held in the electrode, and the route the ions in that material have to take to deliver their charge. Today's typical activated carbon electrode is made with a mix of powders, additives and binders. Where carbon nanotubes are used, they're typically stuck on in a jumbled, "tangled spaghetti" fashion. This gives the charge-carrying ions a random, chaotic and frequently blocked path to traverse on their way to the current collector under load.Nawa's vertically aligned carbon nanotubes, on the other hand, create an anode or cathode structure more like a hairbrush, with a hundred billion straight, highly conductive nanotubes poking up out of every square centimeter. Each of these tiny, securely rooted poles is then coated with active material, be it lithium-ion or something else. The result is a drastic reduction in the mean free path of the ions -- the distance the charge needs to travel to get in or out of the battery -- since every blob of lithium is more or less directly attached to a nanotube, which acts as a straight-line highway and part of the current collector. "The distance the ion needs to move is just a few nanometres through the lithium material," Nawa Founder and CTO Pascal Boulanger tells us, "instead of micrometres with a plain electrode."
Nawa is already known for its work in the ultracapacitor market, and the company has announced that the same high-tech electrodes it uses on those ultracapacitors can be adapted for current-gen lithium-ion batteries, among others, to realize some tremendous, game-changing benefits. It all comes down to how the active material is held in the electrode, and the route the ions in that material have to take to deliver their charge. Today's typical activated carbon electrode is made with a mix of powders, additives and binders. Where carbon nanotubes are used, they're typically stuck on in a jumbled, "tangled spaghetti" fashion. This gives the charge-carrying ions a random, chaotic and frequently blocked path to traverse on their way to the current collector under load.Nawa's vertically aligned carbon nanotubes, on the other hand, create an anode or cathode structure more like a hairbrush, with a hundred billion straight, highly conductive nanotubes poking up out of every square centimeter. Each of these tiny, securely rooted poles is then coated with active material, be it lithium-ion or something else. The result is a drastic reduction in the mean free path of the ions -- the distance the charge needs to travel to get in or out of the battery -- since every blob of lithium is more or less directly attached to a nanotube, which acts as a straight-line highway and part of the current collector. "The distance the ion needs to move is just a few nanometres through the lithium material," Nawa Founder and CTO Pascal Boulanger tells us, "instead of micrometres with a plain electrode."
Tesla Co-Founder Aims To Build World's Top Battery RecyclerPosted by BeauHD on Thursday October 08, 2020 @09:25PM from the combined-forces dept.An anonymous reader quotes a report from Reuters:CitarTesla co-founder J.B. Straubel wants to build his startup Redwood Materials into the world's top battery recycling company and one of the largest battery materials companies, he said at a technology conference Wednesday. Straubel aims to leverage two partnerships, one with Panasonic, the Japanese battery manufacturer that is teamed with Tesla at the Nevada gigafactory, and one announced weeks ago with e-commerce giant Amazon. With production of electric vehicles and batteries about to explode, Straubel says his ultimate goal is to "make a material impact on sustainability, at an industrial scale."Established in early 2017, Redwood this year will recycle more than 1 gigawatt-hours' worth of battery scrap materials from the gigafactory -- enough to power more than 10,000 Tesla cars. That is a fraction of the half-million vehicles Tesla expects to build this year. At the company's Battery Day in late September, Chief Executive Elon Musk said he was looking at recycling batteries to supplement the supply of raw materials from mining as Tesla escalates vehicle production. [...] Straubel's broader plan is to dramatically reduce mining of raw materials such as nickel, copper and cobalt over several decades by building out a circular or "closed loop" supply chain that recycles and recirculates materials retrieved from end-of-life vehicle and grid storage batteries and from cells scrapped during manufacturing.
Tesla co-founder J.B. Straubel wants to build his startup Redwood Materials into the world's top battery recycling company and one of the largest battery materials companies, he said at a technology conference Wednesday. Straubel aims to leverage two partnerships, one with Panasonic, the Japanese battery manufacturer that is teamed with Tesla at the Nevada gigafactory, and one announced weeks ago with e-commerce giant Amazon. With production of electric vehicles and batteries about to explode, Straubel says his ultimate goal is to "make a material impact on sustainability, at an industrial scale."Established in early 2017, Redwood this year will recycle more than 1 gigawatt-hours' worth of battery scrap materials from the gigafactory -- enough to power more than 10,000 Tesla cars. That is a fraction of the half-million vehicles Tesla expects to build this year. At the company's Battery Day in late September, Chief Executive Elon Musk said he was looking at recycling batteries to supplement the supply of raw materials from mining as Tesla escalates vehicle production. [...] Straubel's broader plan is to dramatically reduce mining of raw materials such as nickel, copper and cobalt over several decades by building out a circular or "closed loop" supply chain that recycles and recirculates materials retrieved from end-of-life vehicle and grid storage batteries and from cells scrapped during manufacturing.
Mercedes-Benz Teases 'Highest-Efficiency Electric Car In the World' With Over 750 Miles of RangePosted by BeauHD on Thursday October 08, 2020 @06:02PM from the all-about-efficiency dept.An anonymous reader quotes a report from Electrek:CitarMercedes-Benz teases a new super-efficient electric car concept, the Vision EQXX, with more than 750 miles of range on a single charge. At Daimler's latest company update, the automaker teased a new technical program to develop "the longest-range and highest-efficiency electric car the world has ever seen." Mercedes-Benz's head of research and development, Markus Schafer, commented: "We have set up a group of our engineers to take on an extraordinary task: to build the longest-range and highest-efficiency electric car the world has ever seen. This is a serious project, chasing next-generation technologies. We intend to incorporate the learning into the next generation of series production cars."The German automaker said that the electric vehicle should be able to travel from Beijing to Shanghai, a journey that covers about 750 miles (1,200 km), on a single charge. This incredible range will be achieved through efficiency improvements rather than just a bigger battery pack. Daimler noted that the program will be used to test new technologies to improve efficiency and bring those to production cars: "While Vision EQXX is a technology program, it is expected to result in innovations that will quickly make their way into series production cars." They haven't disclosed when they plan to unveil the Vision EQXX electric prototype.
Mercedes-Benz teases a new super-efficient electric car concept, the Vision EQXX, with more than 750 miles of range on a single charge. At Daimler's latest company update, the automaker teased a new technical program to develop "the longest-range and highest-efficiency electric car the world has ever seen." Mercedes-Benz's head of research and development, Markus Schafer, commented: "We have set up a group of our engineers to take on an extraordinary task: to build the longest-range and highest-efficiency electric car the world has ever seen. This is a serious project, chasing next-generation technologies. We intend to incorporate the learning into the next generation of series production cars."The German automaker said that the electric vehicle should be able to travel from Beijing to Shanghai, a journey that covers about 750 miles (1,200 km), on a single charge. This incredible range will be achieved through efficiency improvements rather than just a bigger battery pack. Daimler noted that the program will be used to test new technologies to improve efficiency and bring those to production cars: "While Vision EQXX is a technology program, it is expected to result in innovations that will quickly make their way into series production cars." They haven't disclosed when they plan to unveil the Vision EQXX electric prototype.
AI Is Throwing Battery Development Into OverdrivePosted by msmash on Tuesday October 13, 2020 @04:45PM from the moving-forward dept.Improving batteries has always been hampered by slow experimentation and discovery processes. Machine learning is speeding it up by orders of magnitude. From a report:CitarInside a lab at Stanford University's Precourt Institute for Energy, there are a half dozen refrigerator-sized cabinets designed to kill batteries as fast as they can. Each holds around 100 lithium-ion cells secured in trays that can charge and discharge the batteries dozens of times per day. Ordinarily, the batteries that go into these electrochemical torture chambers would be found inside gadgets or electric vehicles, but when they're put in these hulking machines, they aren't powering anything at all. Instead, energy is dumped in and out of these cells as fast as possible to generate reams of performance data that will teach artificial intelligence how to build a better battery. In 2019, a team of researchers from Stanford, MIT, and the Toyota Research Institute used AI trained on data generated from these machines to predict the performance of lithium-ion batteries over the lifetime of the cells before their performance had started to slip. Ordinarily, AI would need data from after a battery had started to degrade in order to predict how it would perform in the future. It might take months to cycle the battery enough times to get that data. But the researchers' AI could predict lifetime performance after only hours of data collection, while the battery was still at its peak. "Prior to our work, nobody thought that was possible," says William Chueh, a materials scientist at Stanford and one of the lead authors of the 2019 paper.And earlier this year, Chueh and his colleagues did it again. In a paper published in Nature in February, Chueh and his colleagues described an experiment in which an AI was able to discover the optimal method for 10-minute fast-charging a lithium-ion battery. Many experts think fast-charging batteries will be critical for electric vehicle adoption, but dumping enough energy to recharge a cell in the same amount of time it takes to fill up a tank of gas can quickly kill its performance. To get fast-charging batteries out of the lab and into the real world means finding the sweet spot between charge speed and battery lifetime. The problem is that there is effectively an infinite number of ways to deliver charge to a battery; Chueh compares it to searching for the best way to pour water into a bucket. Experimentally sifting through all those possibilities to find the best one is a slow and arduous task -- but that's where AI can help.
Inside a lab at Stanford University's Precourt Institute for Energy, there are a half dozen refrigerator-sized cabinets designed to kill batteries as fast as they can. Each holds around 100 lithium-ion cells secured in trays that can charge and discharge the batteries dozens of times per day. Ordinarily, the batteries that go into these electrochemical torture chambers would be found inside gadgets or electric vehicles, but when they're put in these hulking machines, they aren't powering anything at all. Instead, energy is dumped in and out of these cells as fast as possible to generate reams of performance data that will teach artificial intelligence how to build a better battery. In 2019, a team of researchers from Stanford, MIT, and the Toyota Research Institute used AI trained on data generated from these machines to predict the performance of lithium-ion batteries over the lifetime of the cells before their performance had started to slip. Ordinarily, AI would need data from after a battery had started to degrade in order to predict how it would perform in the future. It might take months to cycle the battery enough times to get that data. But the researchers' AI could predict lifetime performance after only hours of data collection, while the battery was still at its peak. "Prior to our work, nobody thought that was possible," says William Chueh, a materials scientist at Stanford and one of the lead authors of the 2019 paper.And earlier this year, Chueh and his colleagues did it again. In a paper published in Nature in February, Chueh and his colleagues described an experiment in which an AI was able to discover the optimal method for 10-minute fast-charging a lithium-ion battery. Many experts think fast-charging batteries will be critical for electric vehicle adoption, but dumping enough energy to recharge a cell in the same amount of time it takes to fill up a tank of gas can quickly kill its performance. To get fast-charging batteries out of the lab and into the real world means finding the sweet spot between charge speed and battery lifetime. The problem is that there is effectively an infinite number of ways to deliver charge to a battery; Chueh compares it to searching for the best way to pour water into a bucket. Experimentally sifting through all those possibilities to find the best one is a slow and arduous task -- but that's where AI can help.
Spinach Gives Fuel Cells a Power UpPosted by BeauHD on Wednesday October 14, 2020 @10:10PM from the power-of-spinach dept.Researchers at the Department of Chemistry, American University, used spinach to make a carbon-rich catalyst that can be used to improve the performance of fuel cells and metal-air batteries. IEEE Spectrum reports:CitarThe spinach was a used a precursor for high-performance catalysts required for the oxygen reduction reactions (ORRs) in fuel cells. Traditionally, fuel cells have used platinum-based catalysts, but not only is platinum very expensive and difficult to obtain, it can be vulnerable to chemical poisoning in certain conditions. Consequently, researcher have looked into biomass-derived, carbon-based, catalysts to replace platinum, but there have been bottlenecks in preparing the materials in a cost-effective and non-toxic way. "We were a little bit lucky to pick up spinach," says [Shouzhong Zou], because of its high iron and nitrogen content. "At this point [our method] does require us to add a little bit more nitrogen into the starting material, because even though [spinach] has a lot of nitrogen to begin with, during the preparation process, some of this nitrogen gets lost."The preparation of the spinach-based catalyst sounds as first suspiciously like a smoothie recipe at first -- wash fresh leaves, pulverize into a juice, and freeze-dry. This freeze-dried juice is then ground into a powder, to which melamine is added as a nitrogen promoter. Salts like sodium chloride and potassium chloride -- "pretty much like the table salt that we use in our kitchen," says Zou -- are also added, necessary for creating pores that increase the surface area available for reactions. Nanosheets are produced from the spinach -- melamine -- salt composites by pyrolyzing them at 900 C a couple of times. "Obviously... we can optimize how we prepare this material [to make it more efficient]."An efficient catalyst means a faster, more efficient reaction. In the case of fuel cells, this can increase the energy output of batteries. This is where the porosity of the nanosheets helps. "Even though we call them nanosheets," Zou says, "when they are stacked together, it's not like a stack of paper that is very solid." The addition of salts to create tiny holes that allows oxygen to penetrate the material rather than access only the outer surfaces. "We need to make it porous enough that... all the active sites can be used." The other factor that favorably disposed the American University team towards spinach was that it is a renewable source of biomass. "Sustainability is a very important factor in our consideration," says Zou. The big question to explore, he adds, is how can we avoid competition "with the dinner table." (Biofuel production has already raised concerns about food crops being diverted away from hungry mouths.) "And the second is, how do we keep the carbon footprint down in terms of his catalyst preparation... because currently we do use high temperatures in our preparation procedure?" If we can find different ways to do these to achieve the same type of material, that will cut back the energy consumption and reduce significantly the carbon footprint."
The spinach was a used a precursor for high-performance catalysts required for the oxygen reduction reactions (ORRs) in fuel cells. Traditionally, fuel cells have used platinum-based catalysts, but not only is platinum very expensive and difficult to obtain, it can be vulnerable to chemical poisoning in certain conditions. Consequently, researcher have looked into biomass-derived, carbon-based, catalysts to replace platinum, but there have been bottlenecks in preparing the materials in a cost-effective and non-toxic way. "We were a little bit lucky to pick up spinach," says [Shouzhong Zou], because of its high iron and nitrogen content. "At this point [our method] does require us to add a little bit more nitrogen into the starting material, because even though [spinach] has a lot of nitrogen to begin with, during the preparation process, some of this nitrogen gets lost."The preparation of the spinach-based catalyst sounds as first suspiciously like a smoothie recipe at first -- wash fresh leaves, pulverize into a juice, and freeze-dry. This freeze-dried juice is then ground into a powder, to which melamine is added as a nitrogen promoter. Salts like sodium chloride and potassium chloride -- "pretty much like the table salt that we use in our kitchen," says Zou -- are also added, necessary for creating pores that increase the surface area available for reactions. Nanosheets are produced from the spinach -- melamine -- salt composites by pyrolyzing them at 900 C a couple of times. "Obviously... we can optimize how we prepare this material [to make it more efficient]."An efficient catalyst means a faster, more efficient reaction. In the case of fuel cells, this can increase the energy output of batteries. This is where the porosity of the nanosheets helps. "Even though we call them nanosheets," Zou says, "when they are stacked together, it's not like a stack of paper that is very solid." The addition of salts to create tiny holes that allows oxygen to penetrate the material rather than access only the outer surfaces. "We need to make it porous enough that... all the active sites can be used." The other factor that favorably disposed the American University team towards spinach was that it is a renewable source of biomass. "Sustainability is a very important factor in our consideration," says Zou. The big question to explore, he adds, is how can we avoid competition "with the dinner table." (Biofuel production has already raised concerns about food crops being diverted away from hungry mouths.) "And the second is, how do we keep the carbon footprint down in terms of his catalyst preparation... because currently we do use high temperatures in our preparation procedure?" If we can find different ways to do these to achieve the same type of material, that will cut back the energy consumption and reduce significantly the carbon footprint."
Even though the results are promising, there is yet a long way to go. Zou cautions that the study so far is only a proof-of-principle. “We need to be very careful when we talk about practical applications because something that shows excellent performance in [lab] conditions could become more challenging when we implement them in the real device.” Another aspect that needs further study, he adds, is that while the spinach-derived catalyst outperforms platinum-based catalysts in alkaline conditions, the performance in an acidic medium is not as efficient. “So obviously, there is still some tuning we need to do to see if they can work through a range of pH.”